Liquid-fuel burner



J. LIEBER LIQUID FUEL BURNER 24, 192] Z Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March July 22 1924.

J. LIEBER LI QUID FUEL BURNER Filed March 24, 1921 Patented July 2'2, 1924.`

. UNITED STATES JEAN LIEBER, OF LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND.

LIQUID-:FUEL BURNER.

Application led March 24, 1921.

Serial No. 455,373.

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS F THE ACT 0F MARGH `3, 1921, 41 STAT. L., 1313.)

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEAN LiEEi-x, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, residing at Lausanne. Switzerland` have invented cer- 5 tain new and useful Improvements in LiquidFuel Burners (for which applications for patents have been filed in Switzerland October 21, 1913, Patent No. 60206; Germany. October 31, 19125, Patent. No. 288651; England, November 3. 1913, Patent No.

22058/13; France, October 19, 191-1, Patentv No. 476,341; Sweden, October 22, 1914, Patent No. 40115; ltalj/,November 11, 1915,

Patent No. 258/154: Russia, January 9/22, 15 1917, Application No. 71133; Switzerland,

April 15, 1920, Patent No. 87900; Czechoslovakia, Julie 30, 1920, Application No. P4938-; Poland, July 5, 1920, Application No. V10103; Belgium, July 16, 1920, Ap p 4cation No. 231,760) and I do hereby declare the following to be a clear, full, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the 'art to which it appertaiiis to make and use the same, reference being had 'to the accompanying drawing, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereoinwhich form a part of this specification.

It is known that a flame of considerable expanse is used for heating, welding and hard-soldering the parts of machines and other large metal objects,- especially for Welding cast-iron objects. It has been attempted toconstruct large burners for large flames, but the result` was that these burners, owing to their size, were not easy to manipulate and in comparison with the heat effect obtained therefrom, were also un?.

economical. Further, when using such burners the objects, especially the cast-iron pieces, are easily cracked. The pieces to be welded were then pre-heated in an open forge furnace and heated from above by means of a burner while lying in the furnace. In this case, however, the drawback arose that the burner did not act properly because the furnace absorbed too much oxygen from the surrounding air and therefore the air entering tliefront of the burner did notcontain suflicient oxygen. Thisv air was also not pure enough as it contained burnt gases.

These drawbacks are overcome by the apparatus of the ,present application. Said apparatus consists of a frame from which projects atorch, which is adjustable about the horizontal axis in various directions and is fed with air from behind.

Provision -is made for a regulating and closing device for said torch which is 'preferably constructed independently of said torch. The frame may be transportable and may be furnished witlrfa receptacle for the fuel and said receptacle may act as a. counterweight Vfor the projecting torch. The adjustment ot' the torch in various directions may be obtained. by adjusting the position of the frame as a-whole or by adjusting the posit-ion ofa cantilevered part of the frame, at the end of which part the torch is mounted, relatively to the other part of the frame and means adapted to 'eifect such adjustments. may be carried out in many ways,a few constructional examples will be described hereinafter. l

The front part of t-heQtorch may be surrounded by a pre-heating chamber which is connected with the `torch-nozzle and with a pipev leading to the axis of rotation o f the l torch, said pipeniay be furnished with a needle-valve, adjustable by a handle, which handle may be removed from the source of heat. The pre-heater and the torch may be surrounded by a jacket. The rotation of the torch about thefhorizont-al axis may be obtained-by means of a Worm-gearing rotatable by hand. Further the torch may be rovided with a removable cap in order, to .ignite and pre-heat the fuel discharged by the orifice of the pipe.

Several constructions of the apparatus according to this invention are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a first constructional example,

Fig. 2 is a plan,

Fig. 3 is a section of the torch drawn to a larger scale, and

Figs. l and 5 are details in. section.

F ig. 6 is a side elevation of a second constructional example, y i Fig. 7` is a plan view and f Fig. 8 is a view seen from the left hand side of the torch and of part of the frame supporting the former.

Figs. 9, and 11 are details of torch construction.

Referring at first to the consti-notional example illustrated in Figs. 1-3, 1 is a tank for the fuel, especially petrol. This tank vis arranged on a frame 3 supported on thewheels 2. An upright, in the form of a tube 4, is rigidly connected with the frame 3and is provided at the top with a nut 5 (Fig. 5).

. A spindle 6 which is provided at the top above thehead ,7* with a bevel wheel 8, is screwed into the nut. rlhe head 7 rests on a ring 9 which is connected with the spindle 6. A tube 10 is rigidly secured to this head 7 and at the bottom rests loosely on the ring 11. 'The whole is guided in a .sleeve 12 which is rigidly secured to stili'ening bars 13.` A segment 14 is rigidly connected with the head 7 in which segment a bevel wheel 15 engaging with the toothed,

'wheel 8 is mounted and may be rotated by hand b means of a crank 16.

Furt er, one or two angle iron arms are rotatably arranged on the head 7. A. worm 20, rotatable in a stiening stay 18 of the arms 17 and 'provided with a crank 19, engages in the toothed rim 21 of the segment let, so that by means of the crank 19, the angle positionoff'the arm 17 may be adjusted to the horizontal.

' llhe torch rests between the front ends of the arms 17 and is held by means of pins 22. @ne pin carries a fast worm wheel 23 into which the worm 24 engages, this worm is rotatably mounted on the arm 17 and may be rotated by vmeans of a hand wheel 25 so that the torch may be adjusted at an- Y an le lto the horizontal. rlhe torch possesses a front .part 26 and a back part 27 which latter 1s provided with -a nozzle 28 and the 'openings 29 for the air. The head 26, 27

of the torch is encased ina jacket 30. Between thepjacket 30 and the front part 26, the vaporizing chamber 31 is arranged, which latter is connected with the nozzle 28 l by means of a tube 32. By means of a tube 33 the vaporizing chamber 31 is connected with the feeding pipe 34 for the petrol, `w h1ch pipe penetrates one ofthe trunnion pins 22 and is partially mounted in the arm 17: A regulating apparatus is arranged in this pipe 34 (Figs. 3 and 4f). A valve needle 35 is provided with thread at one end and is screwed thereby into the end 36 (formed as a nut) of the bolt 37, which A wheels Y 54.

recalca latteris rigidly connected with a hand wheel y38. rllhe valve needle 35 may bemoved in which may be placed on the front of the cylinder 30 and may be prevented from falling ott' by any desirable means, for instance, by means of a bayonet' lock.

'llhe operation of this apparatusv is as follows:

After petrol has been pumped from the reservoir 1 into pre-heater 31 by means of a .pump not illustrated in this constructional example, the torch is adjusted by means of a hand wheel 25 so that its axis is vertical. Petrol is then allowed to enter into the cap 39' through the .nozzle 28 and is ignited; whereby the pre-heating of the torch and the beginning of the evaporation takes place by the fuel of the feeding pipe, without adding fuel from an open receptacle which latter operation is tiresome, dangerous and wastes time.

After removing the cap 39, the frame 3 is moved towards the forge furnace in which the cast pieces to be welded are lying, and

the head of the torch is now adjusted by means of the hand wheel 25 and the cranks 16 and 19. rlhe adjustment of the torch by means of the hand wheel 25 may be performed before the burner has been brought up to the furnace, so that when it is at the furnace, the workman has only to actuate the adjusting members 16, 19, 38 which are situated a long way from the flame and close together. The arrangement that the feedin vof the air to the torch is performed from t e back renders it possible to direct fresh air to the torch which air has not been in contact with the furnaceand therefore contains the necessary oxygen for producing an intensive and rational combustion. rllhe arrangement where the regulating apparatus is not situated on the torch,

revents said regulating apparatus from being too highly heated and thus lfacilitates the manipulation, prevents the gas from striking backwards and renders therewith the disadvantageous heating of the feeding tank for the fuel, which tank 1s carried on a. frame 52, to which the axle 53 of two large lateral wheels 54 are fixed, the tankv 51 bein arranged between said two n front of the fuel tank. a small wheel 55 is providedrotatably mounted on the frame 52.. llt is evident that this MIX? llO

small wheel might also be arranged behindv the tank or two small wheels'fmight be provided, but in every case the axis of rotation of said small wheel or wheels areparallel to the axis of rotation of the large Wheels. 'lhe torch 56 is rotatably mounted about. a horizontal axis fitted to the end of a cantilevered frame. The frame consists of two forks, a lower fork 57 and an upper fork 58 which are connected to each other by a pin 59 secured to the upper fork 58 being inserted in a bush 60 provided on `the lower` fork 57. By this means the upper fork can be turned relatively to the lower fork 57 around an axis passing in the longitudinal direction of the cantilevered can be adjusted in a vertical plane. In or frame. A locking screw 61 serves to fix the fork 58 in any angular' position of thisl rotation. The lower fork is swingably mounted around the axlesfL-B'of the wheels 54, so that the 'whole cantilevered frame der to fix or lock the cantilevered frame iu vangular positions around'the fulcru'ms 53 a segment 62 is fixed to the frame 52 and a friction-ratchet 63 fitted with a handle' and engaging with said segment is secured y lthe fork 57 and the friction-'ratchet to thel frame 52 for obtaining the same locking effect. The fuel of the tank is supplied by means of a flexible pipe 65 to a regulating apparatus 66 of the same typev as hasbeen described with the first constructional example. The tank is further provided with an air pump of known type, the handle 67 of which is seen projecting above the tank, the pump serving to apply pressure to the fuel contained in the tank. The cylinder of the pump, to which the valve chamber is welded is welded to the tank` The upper edge 82 of the cylinder projects above the tank and the valvehamber 83 is seen projecting laterally at the lower end of the tank. By this arrangement a tedious tightening is rendered superfluous and the plunger rodcan easily be inserted from above and taken out and the valve can be inspected and erected from the outside. From the regulating dev-ice 66 the fuel is supplied to the torch 56 through the hollow pin 68 (Fig. 9). The torch illustrated in Fig. 9 resembles that shown in Fig'. 3 but is of a simplified design. The vaporizing chamber 69 is integral with the two trunnion pins 68 and 70, by `means of which the torch is .rotatably mounted in' the end parts of the upper fork'58. There is no jacket used as is the case in the torch shown in Fig. 3 and the cover of the torch is rigidly fixed to the outer wall of the lVaporizing chamber 69. The fuel passing through the hollow pin 68 may be led into the vaporizing chamber 69 by means of a pipe 71,'(or through a hole connecting the hollow pin 68 with the chamber 69), and from that chamber by means of a further pipe 72 to the concentrically arrangedI nozzle 73,

which corresponds to the nozzle 28 shown in Fig. 3. This nozzle is provided' witha valve needle 74 actuatedv by a hand lever 75 for cleaning the nozzle in an easy and efficient manner. The air for combustion enters -at the rear part i. e. the bell-mouth shaped opening 'of thecover in the axial direction of the torch. A hand lever '76 is further provided by which a turning motion oflthetorch around the axles 68 and 70 can be effected.

Another construction of a torch is shown in Figs. 10 and 11, which differs from the torch above described in as much as there is no vaporizing chamber provided. For

`vaporizing purposes `compressed air is admitted through a nozzle 77 arranged in the center of the torch, Whereas the nozzle 78 for supplying the fuel is arranged laterally. The fuel passes again from the regulating device 66 through a bore provided in the pin 68 and thecompressed air enters through a bore provided in the opposite pin 70. The pins or axles 68 and 70 are the lateral extensions of a U-shapedbody 79 of a rectangular cross-section to which the cover for the torch is rigidly connected.

The air 'for combustion is again admitted at the back of the torch. j

l The construct-ional example illustrated in Figs. 6-8 presents the advantage of a simple and compendious design. The lifting and lowering of the torch is easily and quickly effected and the b-urner may be so adjusted, as is seen in Fig. l in dotted lines, that it can act upon parts situatedv in a vditch 80 for instance on sleepers, rails and the like. The torch may be easily turned around a horizontal axis by means of the, hand lever 76. The carria `e is easily dirigible especially when t e front wheels are lifted off the ground lby pressing onl the handle 81 and the movability. of this vconstruction is greater than that shown in Figs. 1-3.

1.'In a'liquid fuel torch, a nozzle, a cover having an outwardly flared rear end'through is admitted in the which atmospheric air longitudinal direction of the |torch, a member arranged insidesaid cover adapted t0 support said cover and said nozzle, trunmon which atmospheric air is admitted, a member adapted to support said cover and said nozzle, a chamber for pre-heating the fuel provided in said member, a connection between said chamber and said nozzle, trunnion pins on said member to permit of a swingable mounting of said torch, and means to supply fuel to said chamber through a central bore in one ofthe trunnion pins.

3. In a liquid fuel burner, the combina- `tion- With a container for fue] under pressure, of a torch to which atmospheric air for combustion is admitted from behind, a pivotally mounted cantilevered frame to the outer end of which said torch is mounted rotatably about a horizontal axis, a frame for carrying said container and the pivots for saidfcantilevered means, said frame being supported on Wheels, means adapted toeadjust said cantilevered frame in positions ofiits movement around said pivots, and means to supply 'fuel from the contain'er tosaid torch.

.4. lin a liquid fuel burner, the combination with a container for fuel under pressure, of a torch to which atmospheric air A.for combustion isadmitted from behind. a

cantilevered frameto the outer end of which said torch is mounted, a frame to which said cantilevered frame is pivotally connected supporting said container and being supported :on wheels? a segment coaxially arranged to said pivots and fixed to said frame, means operatively connected to said. cantilevered frame ,and cooperating with seent and allowing of fixing said Locales part of said cantilevered frame is pivotally i connected and adapted to support said container, means interposed between said two bifurcated partsv of the cantilevered frame to permit of an adjustment of the upper part relatively to the lower part around the longitudinal axis of said cantilevered frame, a segment coaxially arranged to said pivots and fixed to said frame, means operatively connected to said cantilevered frame and cooperating with said segment and allowingot fixing said arm at any angular f position along said segment, and means to supply fuel from the container to said torch. y 6. ln a liquid fuel torch having a dared rearward end and a contracted front end; trunnions on which the torch is mounted, the axis of the trunnions being arranged at righ-t angles to the longitudinal axis of the torch and intermediate the ends of the latter, an entraining nozzle in the longitudinal axis of the torch and a fuel supply nozzle directed acro'ssthe jet of the entraining nozzle, both nozzles connected to and supplied through said trunnions.

ln testimony that ll claim the foregoing as my invention, li have signed my name.

JEAN LlilEBlEllt. 

